抽痰（中英文版）

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THE CHAPTER ON MOUTH / NOSE SPUTUM SUCTION　經口鼻抽痰篇

HOW TO PERFORM MOUTH /NOSE SPUTUM SUCTIONING　如何進行口鼻抽痰
We feel quite uncomfortable with sputum in our throat. If the respiratory tract of our family member is congested, he/she is unable to breathe freely. Therefore, we need to help him/her to draw out sputum to let him/her breathe more efficiently and more comfortably.當我們有痰時會不太舒服，而您家人的呼吸道如果被痰所堵塞，將無法順暢的呼吸，因此，我們需要幫他抽痰，使他能呼吸得更有效、更舒服

SUPPLIES YOU NEED TO PREPARE　您需要準備的用物
A sputum suction machine, several pieces of germ-free suction tubes, germ-free gloves used in sputum suctioning, a bottle or container filled with water, germ-free normal saline solution (the valid time is 24 hours placed in refrigerator after being opened).抽痰機一台、無菌抽痰管數條、無菌抽痰用手套、裝有清水的瓶子或容器、無菌生理食鹽水（開瓶後置冰箱二十四小時為有效時間）

PROCEDURE　步驟
1.Wash your hands before operating sputum suction.抽痰前先洗手
2.Open up the packages of suction tube and connector. Do not take out the suction tube initially.打開抽痰管連接管的包裝，抽痰管不要先抽出
3.With suction tube in the package, connect its end to the hose of suction machine.抽痰管置於包裝內，將其一端接於抽痰機的橡皮管上
4.Using the gloved hand to draw out the suction tube from the package and pay, attention not to touch other things.一手戴上手套將抽痰管抽出，注意管子不可碰觸其他物品
5.Use the other hand to turn on suction machine, and meanwhile adjust the pressure. The pressure should be : 120~150 mmHg and not exceeding 200mmHg (as in diagram 1).以另一手打開抽痰機，並調好壓力，壓力為：120~150mmHg 不超過200mmHg。(如圖一)
6.Insert the suction tube to a suitable depth in nostril : 6~8 inches (15~20cm) (as in diagram 2).將抽痰管輕輕插入適當深度，鼻子：6~8吋 (15~20公分)(如圖二)
7.Use the other glove-free hand to manually control the suction pressure.以未戴手套之手控制使產生壓力抽吸
8.Use the fingers of the gloved hand to rotate suction tube 360 degrees to perform sputum suction intermittently (do not exceed 15 seconds for each therapy).戴手套之手指360度轉動抽痰管，施行間歇抽痰（每次不可超過15秒）
9.After releasing the pressure, draw out suction tube and continue to suck in clean water to wash off sputum in the tube.解除壓力後將管子抽出續抽吸清水以清潔管中之痰
10.Take off the glove, wrap suction tube within the glove and dispose them. Tidy up the surrounding and wash your hands.脫下手套，將抽痰管包在手套內丟棄，整理環境後洗手

NOTE　注意事項
1.During sputum suction therapy, do not touch other things with the suction tube and the gloved hand, or cough, talk or other acts directly to these supplies.抽痰時不可將抽痰管及戴上手套之手碰觸其他物品，或對其咳嗽、講話等
2.After using the suction tube once, change a new one and never use it again (so is the glove).抽痰管每用一次應更換勿重覆使用（抽痰手套也是）
3.In the present of tracheotomy, perform suction on tracheotomy tube first and later on mouth and nostrils. When suction is finished on mouth and nostrils do not use the suction tube on tracheotomy tube again.若有氣切應先抽氣切套管再抽口鼻，抽完口鼻後不可再用該管抽氣切套管
4.When sucking on the right (left) bronchia, tilt the patient face to the left (right) and lower his/her left (right) shoulder.抽右(左)支氣管，病患臉偏左(右)、左(右)肩向下
5.The suction interval between two therapies is 2~3 minutes.兩次抽痰時間應間隔二至三分鐘
6.If the patient face turns blue during sputum suction therapy, stop and supply the patient with oxygen. If the suction time for each therapy is too long, it will result in oxygen deficiency of tissues, and in the case of severe suffocation may even lead to heart failure. Other conditions like oversized suction tube, suction force too hight and too short interval time between two suction therapies are easy to cause oxygen deficiency.抽痰時若有臉色發青現象，應馬上停止並給氧氣，一次抽痰時間太久，會造成組織缺氧，窒息嚴重者可能導致心臟衰竭：其他如抽痰管徑太大、抽痰吸力太大、兩次抽痰時間太近，均易造成缺氧
7.Perform sputum suction therapy 30 minutes before meal or one hour after meal to avoid vomiting.可在進餐前三十分鐘或餐後一小時抽痰，以防嘔吐
8.The water level of suction bottle should not exceed 2/3 bottle to influence suction efficiently.抽吸瓶的液面不可超過2/3瓶，以免影響抽吸效果
9.In the present of tracheotomy or profuse sputum, first drip normal saline solution in suction tube several times, about 3~5ml on each sequence and then start sputum suction therapy.若有氣切及濃痰，可先用生理食鹽水緩慢分數次滴入管內，每次約3~5ml，再抽吸痰液
10.The suction machine cup must be rinsed every day and immersed in bleaching water as stated in the instruction manual. Wipe the outer surface of suction machine and clean the rubber hose with water every day.抽痰機之抽痰瓶，必須每天清洗，並以漂白水清潔液，按說明浸泡，抽痰機器外表每日以清水擦淨，橡皮管以清水洗淨
11.While inserting suction tube, do not use great force in suctioning to avoid damaging the mucus on respiratory tract.插入抽痰管時勿用力過猛的進行抽吸，以免損傷黏膜